enhance: harden schema bump integrity checks

[MrPresent-Han]

issue: #51649

What

• validate schema-bump function-output ownership and StructArray physical integrity before reader setup
• reject duplicate Function output-field ownership before constructing materializers
• preserve StructArray projection and reject unsupported TEXT materialization inputs early
• reconcile full-rewrite input rows and filtered/written row conservation before finalization
• validate StorageV3 manifest column-group pointer/count invariants

[sre-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

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Details

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• internal/datanode/OWNERS
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[sre-ci-robot]

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[MrPresent-Han]

/ci-rerun-ut-go

[sre-ci-robot]

❌ CI Loop Results 511c2bf

Stage	Result	Duration	Tests
✅ Build	SUCCESS	17.3min	-
❌ Code-Check	FAILURE	5.3min	-
❌ UT-Integration	SKIPPED	-	-
❌ UT-GO	SKIPPED	-	-
✅ UT-CPP-Cov	SUCCESS	65.9min	8817 total, 8817 passed, 0 failed

Total: 89min | Pipeline | Artifacts

Failed Test Logs:

• Code-Check: view log

[MrPresent-Han]

/ci-rerun-e2e-default

[sre-ci-robot]

❌ CI Loop Results 73061f4

Stage	Result	Duration	Tests
❌ Build	FAILURE	15.9min	-
❌ Code-Check	SKIPPED	-	-
❌ UT-Integration	SKIPPED	-	-
❌ UT-GO	SKIPPED	-	-
❌ UT-CPP-Cov	SKIPPED	-	-

Total: 19min | Pipeline | Artifacts

Failed Test Logs:

• Build: view log