Prevent root/jailbreak detection from blocking startup

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 * Added `NativeOutOfMemoryPlugin` as a new way to report `OutOfMemoryError`s that uses pre-allocated memory in the NDK module instead of allocating an `Event` object. When used `OutOfMemoryError`s will be more reliably reported, but will not be passed to `OnErrorCallback`s (`OnSendCallback` works as expected).
   [#2384](https://github.com/bugsnag/bugsnag-android/pull/2384)
 * Added `appHangCooldownMillis` to the AppHangPlugin to control the number of AppHang errors produced when the app is performance constrained
-  []()
+  [#2389](https://github.com/bugsnag/bugsnag-android/pull/2389)
+* Moved root/jailbreak detection onto a background thread so that it no longer blocks startup (this should improve startup performance in most common cases)
+  [#2391](https://github.com/bugsnag/bugsnag-android/pull/2391)
 
 ## 6.24.0 (2026-02-11)
 

bugsnag-android-core/api/bugsnag-android-core.api

@@ -877,6 +877,10 @@ public final class com/bugsnag/android/StateEvent$StartSession : com/bugsnag/and
 	public final fun getUnhandledCount ()I
 }
 
+public final class com/bugsnag/android/StateEvent$SynchronizeState : com/bugsnag/android/StateEvent {
+	public static final field INSTANCE Lcom/bugsnag/android/StateEvent$SynchronizeState;
+}
+
 public final class com/bugsnag/android/StateEvent$UpdateContext : com/bugsnag/android/StateEvent {
 	public final field context Ljava/lang/String;
 	public fun <init> (Ljava/lang/String;)V
@@ -1179,13 +1183,15 @@ public final class com/bugsnag/android/internal/TaskType : java/lang/Enum {
 public abstract interface class com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/Provider {
 	public abstract fun get ()Ljava/lang/Object;
 	public abstract fun getOrNull ()Ljava/lang/Object;
+	public abstract fun isComplete ()Z
 }
 
 public abstract class com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/RunnableProvider : com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/Provider, java/lang/Runnable {
 	public fun <init> ()V
 	public fun get ()Ljava/lang/Object;
 	public fun getOrNull ()Ljava/lang/Object;
 	public abstract fun invoke ()Ljava/lang/Object;
+	public fun isComplete ()Z
 	public final fun run ()V
 }
 
@@ -1197,6 +1203,7 @@ public final class com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/ValueProvider : com/bugsnag/
 	public fun get ()Ljava/lang/Object;
 	public fun getOrNull ()Ljava/lang/Object;
 	public fun hashCode ()I
+	public fun isComplete ()Z
 	public fun toString ()Ljava/lang/String;
 }
 

bugsnag-android-core/detekt-baseline.xml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
     <ID>LongParameterList:AppWithState.kt$AppWithState$( binaryArch: String?, id: String?, releaseStage: String?, version: String?, codeBundleId: String?, buildUuid: Provider&lt;String?>?, type: String?, versionCode: Number?, /** * The number of milliseconds the application was running before the event occurred */ var duration: Number?, /** * The number of milliseconds the application was running in the foreground before the * event occurred */ var durationInForeground: Number?, /** * Whether the application was in the foreground when the event occurred */ var inForeground: Boolean?, /** * Whether the application was launching when the event occurred */ var isLaunching: Boolean? )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:AppWithState.kt$AppWithState$( binaryArch: String?, id: String?, releaseStage: String?, version: String?, codeBundleId: String?, buildUuid: String?, type: String?, versionCode: Number?, /** * The number of milliseconds the application was running before the event occurred */ duration: Number?, /** * The number of milliseconds the application was running in the foreground before the * event occurred */ durationInForeground: Number?, /** * Whether the application was in the foreground when the event occurred */ inForeground: Boolean?, /** * Whether the application was launching when the event occurred */ isLaunching: Boolean? )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:AppWithState.kt$AppWithState$( config: ImmutableConfig, binaryArch: String?, id: String?, releaseStage: String?, version: String?, codeBundleId: String?, duration: Number?, durationInForeground: Number?, inForeground: Boolean?, isLaunching: Boolean? )</ID>
-    <ID>LongParameterList:DataCollectionModule.kt$DataCollectionModule$( contextModule: ContextModule, configModule: ConfigModule, systemServiceModule: SystemServiceModule, trackerModule: TrackerModule, bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService, connectivity: Connectivity, deviceIdStore: Provider&lt;DeviceIdStore>, memoryTrimState: MemoryTrimState )</ID>
+    <ID>LongParameterList:DataCollectionModule.kt$DataCollectionModule$( contextModule: ContextModule, configModule: ConfigModule, systemServiceModule: SystemServiceModule, trackerModule: TrackerModule, bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService, connectivity: Connectivity, deviceId: Provider&lt;DeviceIdStore.DeviceIds?>, memoryTrimState: MemoryTrimState, clientObservable: ClientObservable )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:Device.kt$Device$( buildInfo: DeviceBuildInfo, /** * The Application Binary Interface used */ var cpuAbi: Array&lt;String>?, /** * Whether the device has been jailbroken */ var jailbroken: Boolean?, /** * A UUID generated by Bugsnag and used for the individual application on a device */ var id: String?, /** * The IETF language tag of the locale used */ var locale: String?, /** * The total number of bytes of memory on the device */ var totalMemory: Long?, /** * A collection of names and their versions of the primary languages, frameworks or * runtimes that the application is running on */ runtimeVersions: MutableMap&lt;String, Any>? )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:DeviceBuildInfo.kt$DeviceBuildInfo$( val manufacturer: String?, val model: String?, val osVersion: String?, val apiLevel: Int?, val osBuild: String?, val fingerprint: String?, val tags: String?, val brand: String?, val cpuAbis: Array&lt;String>? )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:DeviceDataCollector.kt$DeviceDataCollector$( private val connectivity: Connectivity, private val appContext: Context, resources: Resources, private val deviceIdStore: Provider&lt;DeviceIdStore.DeviceIds?>, private val buildInfo: DeviceBuildInfo, private val dataDirectory: File, private val rootedFuture: Provider&lt;Boolean>?, private val bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService, private val logger: Logger )</ID>
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@
     <ID>SwallowedException:ConnectivityCompat.kt$ConnectivityLegacy$e: NullPointerException</ID>
     <ID>SwallowedException:ContextExtensions.kt$exc: RuntimeException</ID>
     <ID>SwallowedException:DeviceDataCollector.kt$DeviceDataCollector$e: Throwable</ID>
-    <ID>SwallowedException:DeviceDataCollector.kt$DeviceDataCollector$exc: Exception</ID>
     <ID>SwallowedException:DeviceDataCollector.kt$DeviceDataCollector$exception: Exception</ID>
     <ID>SwallowedException:DeviceIdFilePersistence.kt$DeviceIdFilePersistence$exc: OverlappingFileLockException</ID>
     <ID>SwallowedException:EventStore.kt$EventStore$exception: RejectedExecutionException</ID>

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/Client.java

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public Client(@NonNull Context androidContext, @NonNull String apiKey) {
      * @param configuration  a configuration for the Client
      */
     public Client(@NonNull Context androidContext, @NonNull final Configuration configuration) {
-        ContextModule contextModule = new ContextModule(androidContext, bgTaskService);
+        ContextModule contextModule = new ContextModule(androidContext);
         appContext = contextModule.getCtx();
 
         notifier = configuration.getNotifier();
@@ -186,16 +186,16 @@ public Unit invoke(Boolean hasConnection, String networkState) {
 
         // lookup system services
         final SystemServiceModule systemServiceModule =
-                new SystemServiceModule(contextModule, bgTaskService);
+                new SystemServiceModule(contextModule);
 
         // setup further state trackers and data collection
         TrackerModule trackerModule = new TrackerModule(configModule,
                 storageModule, this, bgTaskService, callbackState);
 
         DataCollectionModule dataCollectionModule = new DataCollectionModule(contextModule,
                 configModule, systemServiceModule, trackerModule,
-                bgTaskService, connectivity, storageModule.getDeviceIdStore(),
-                memoryTrimState);
+                bgTaskService, connectivity, storageModule.getDeviceId(),
+                memoryTrimState, clientObservable);
 
         // load the device + user information
         userState = storageModule.loadUser(configuration.getUser());

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/ClientObservable.kt

@@ -31,4 +31,8 @@ internal class ClientObservable : BaseObservable() {
     fun postNdkDeliverPending() {
         updateState { StateEvent.DeliverPending }
     }
+
+    fun postSynchronizeState() {
+        updateState { StateEvent.SynchronizeState }
+    }
 }

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/DataCollectionModule.kt

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package com.bugsnag.android
 
 import android.os.Environment
 import com.bugsnag.android.internal.BackgroundTaskService
+import com.bugsnag.android.internal.RootDetectionProvider
 import com.bugsnag.android.internal.dag.BackgroundDependencyModule
 import com.bugsnag.android.internal.dag.ConfigModule
 import com.bugsnag.android.internal.dag.ContextModule
@@ -19,8 +20,9 @@ internal class DataCollectionModule(
     trackerModule: TrackerModule,
     bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService,
     connectivity: Connectivity,
-    deviceIdStore: Provider<DeviceIdStore>,
-    memoryTrimState: MemoryTrimState
+    deviceId: Provider<DeviceIdStore.DeviceIds?>,
+    memoryTrimState: MemoryTrimState,
+    clientObservable: ClientObservable
 ) : BackgroundDependencyModule(bgTaskService) {
 
     private val ctx = contextModule.ctx
@@ -41,17 +43,15 @@ internal class DataCollectionModule(
         )
     }
 
-    private val rootDetection = provider {
-        val rootDetector = RootDetector(logger = logger, deviceBuildInfo = deviceBuildInfo)
-        rootDetector.isRooted()
-    }
+    private val rootDetection = RootDetectionProvider(deviceBuildInfo, clientObservable, logger)
+        .apply { start() }
 
     val deviceDataCollector = provider {
         DeviceDataCollector(
             connectivity,
             ctx,
             ctx.resources,
-            deviceIdStore.map { it.load() },
+            deviceId,
             deviceBuildInfo,
             dataDir,
             rootDetection,

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/DeviceDataCollector.kt

@@ -122,9 +122,10 @@ internal class DeviceDataCollector(
     }
 
     private fun checkIsRooted(): Boolean {
+        val rooted = rootedFuture ?: return false
         return try {
-            rootedFuture != null && rootedFuture.get()
-        } catch (exc: Exception) {
+            rooted.isComplete && rooted.get()
+        } catch (_: Exception) {
             false
         }
     }

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/DeviceIdStore.kt

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ internal class DeviceIdStore @JvmOverloads @Suppress("LongParameterList") constr
         return internalPersistence.loadDeviceId(true)
     }
 
+    @Synchronized
     fun load(): DeviceIds? {
         if (deviceIds != null) {
             return deviceIds

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/StateEvent.kt

@@ -82,4 +82,6 @@ sealed class StateEvent { // JvmField allows direct field access optimizations
     ) : StateEvent()
 
     object ClearFeatureFlags : StateEvent()
+
+    object SynchronizeState : StateEvent()
 }

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/StorageModule.kt

@@ -34,11 +34,15 @@ internal class StorageModule(
         )
     }
 
+    val deviceId = deviceIdStore.map {
+        it.load()
+    }
+
     val userStore = provider {
         UserStore(
             immutableConfig.persistUser,
             bugsnagDir,
-            deviceIdStore.map { it.load() },
+            deviceId,
             sharedPrefMigrator = sharedPrefMigrator,
             logger = immutableConfig.logger
         )

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/internal/RootDetectionProvider.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.bugsnag.android.internal
+
+import com.bugsnag.android.ClientObservable
+import com.bugsnag.android.DeviceBuildInfo
+import com.bugsnag.android.Logger
+import com.bugsnag.android.RootDetector
+import com.bugsnag.android.internal.dag.RunnableProvider
+
+internal class RootDetectionProvider(
+    private val deviceBuildInfo: DeviceBuildInfo,
+    private val clientObservable: ClientObservable,
+    private val logger: Logger,
+) : RunnableProvider<Boolean>() {
+    var isRooted: Boolean = false
+        private set
+
+    fun start() {
+        // root detection can take 100+ms so we always have a dedicated background thread for it
+        // we fire an event once we're finished to let any downstream notifiers know the result
+        val worker = Thread(this, "Bugsnag Worker")
+        worker.priority = Thread.MIN_PRIORITY
+        worker.isDaemon = true
+        worker.start()
+    }
+
+    override fun invoke(): Boolean {
+        val rootDetector = RootDetector(logger = logger, deviceBuildInfo = deviceBuildInfo)
+        isRooted = rootDetector.isRooted()
+        clientObservable.postSynchronizeState()
+        return isRooted
+    }
+}

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/ConfigModule.kt

@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ internal class ConfigModule(
     configuration: Configuration,
     connectivity: Connectivity,
     bgTaskExecutor: BackgroundTaskService
-) : BackgroundDependencyModule(bgTaskExecutor) {
+) : DependencyModule {
     val config = sanitiseConfiguration(contextModule.ctx, configuration, connectivity, bgTaskExecutor)
 }

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/ContextModule.kt

@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
 package com.bugsnag.android.internal.dag
 
 import android.content.Context
-import com.bugsnag.android.internal.BackgroundTaskService
 
 /**
  * A dependency module which accesses the application context object, falling back to the supplied
  * context if it is the base context.
  */
-internal class ContextModule(
-    appContext: Context,
-    bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService
-) : BackgroundDependencyModule(bgTaskService) {
-
+internal class ContextModule(appContext: Context) : DependencyModule {
     val ctx: Context = when (appContext.applicationContext) {
         null -> appContext
         else -> appContext.applicationContext

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/Provider.kt

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ interface Provider<E> {
      * to calculate the value.
      */
     fun get(): E
+
+    val isComplete: Boolean
 }
 
 /**
@@ -40,6 +42,12 @@ abstract class RunnableProvider<E> : Provider<E>, Runnable {
     @Volatile
     private var value: Any? = null
 
+    override val isComplete
+        get() = when (state.get()) {
+            TASK_STATE_PENDING, TASK_STATE_RUNNING -> false
+            else -> true
+        }
+
     /**
      * Calculate the value of this [Provider]. This function will be called at-most once by [run].
      * Do not call this function directly, instead use [get] and [getOrNull] which implement the
@@ -91,18 +99,13 @@ abstract class RunnableProvider<E> : Provider<E>, Runnable {
      */
     private fun awaitResult() {
         synchronized(this) {
-            while (!isComplete()) {
+            while (!isComplete) {
                 @Suppress("PLATFORM_CLASS_MAPPED_TO_KOTLIN")
                 (this as Object).wait()
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private fun isComplete() = when (state.get()) {
-        TASK_STATE_PENDING, TASK_STATE_RUNNING -> false
-        else -> true
-    }
-
     /**
      * The main entry point for a provider, typically called by a worker thread from
      * [BackgroundTaskService]. If [run] has already been called this will be a no-op (including
@@ -178,4 +181,5 @@ abstract class RunnableProvider<E> : Provider<E>, Runnable {
 data class ValueProvider<T>(private val value: T) : Provider<T> {
     override fun getOrNull(): T? = get()
     override fun get(): T = value
+    override val isComplete: Boolean get() = true
 }

bugsnag-android-core/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/internal/dag/SystemServiceModule.kt

@@ -2,16 +2,11 @@ package com.bugsnag.android.internal.dag
 
 import com.bugsnag.android.getActivityManager
 import com.bugsnag.android.getStorageManager
-import com.bugsnag.android.internal.BackgroundTaskService
 
 /**
  * A dependency module which provides a reference to Android system services.
  */
-internal class SystemServiceModule(
-    contextModule: ContextModule,
-    bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService
-) : BackgroundDependencyModule(bgTaskService) {
-
+internal class SystemServiceModule(contextModule: ContextModule) : DependencyModule {
     val storageManager = contextModule.ctx.getStorageManager()
     val activityManager = contextModule.ctx.getActivityManager()
 }

bugsnag-plugin-android-ndk/src/main/java/com/bugsnag/android/ndk/NativeBridge.kt

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ class NativeBridge(private val bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService) : StateObse
     }
 
     private external fun addBreadcrumb(name: String, type: Int, timestamp: String, metadata: Any)
+    private external fun synchronizeState()
     external fun reportOutOfMemory(oom: OutOfMemoryError)
     external fun addMetadataString(tab: String, key: String, value: String)
     external fun addMetadataDouble(tab: String, key: String, value: Double)
@@ -171,6 +172,8 @@ class NativeBridge(private val bgTaskService: BackgroundTaskService) : StateObse
             is StateEvent.ClearFeatureFlag -> clearFeatureFlag(event.name)
             is StateEvent.ClearFeatureFlags -> clearFeatureFlags()
 
+            is StateEvent.SynchronizeState -> synchronizeState()
+
             else -> {
                 // ignore
             }

bugsnag-plugin-android-ndk/src/main/jni/bugsnag_ndk.c

@@ -958,6 +958,19 @@ static void JNI_NativeBridge_setInternalMetricsEnabled(JNIEnv *env,
   bsg_set_internal_metrics_enabled(enabled);
 }
 
+static void JNI_NativeBridge_synchronizeState(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz) {
+  bsg_environment *bsg_env = request_env_write_lock();
+
+  if (bsg_env == NULL) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  bsg_populate_event(env, &bsg_env->next_event);
+
+end:
+  release_env_write_lock();
+}
+
 static void JNI_NativeBridge_reportOutOfMemory(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
                                                jobject oom) {
 

bugsnag-plugin-android-ndk/src/main/jni/event.c

@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ char *bugsnag_event_get_context(void *event_ptr) {
 void bugsnag_event_set_context(void *event_ptr, const char *value) {
   bugsnag_event *event = (bugsnag_event *)event_ptr;
   bsg_notify_api_called(event, BSG_API_EVENT_SET_CONTEXT);
-  bsg_strncpy(event->context, value, sizeof(event->context));
+  bsg_strncpy(event->context, value, sizeof(event->context) - 1);
 }
 
 char *bugsnag_event_get_grouping_discriminator(void *event_ptr) {

bugsnag-plugin-android-ndk/src/main/jni/metadata.c

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ static void populate_app_data(JNIEnv *env, bugsnag_event *event) {
 
   copy_map_value_string(env, data, "id", event->app.id, sizeof(event->app.id));
   event->app.in_foreground = get_map_value_bool(env, data, "inForeground");
-  event->app.is_launching = true;
+  event->app.is_launching = get_map_value_bool(env, data, "isLaunching");
 
   char name[64];
   copy_map_value_string(env, data, "name", name, sizeof(name));