diff --git a/.github/workflows/codespell_and_flake.yml b/.github/workflows/codespell_and_flake.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3a38a82ac0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/codespell_and_flake.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+name: 'codespell_and_flake'
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  style:
+    if: "github.repository == 'mne-tools/mne-python' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[ci skip]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip ci]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip github]')"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      CODESPELL_DIRS: 'mne/ doc/ tutorials/ examples/'
+      CODESPELL_SKIPS: 'doc/auto_*,*.fif,*.eve,*.gz,*.tgz,*.zip,*.mat,*.stc,*.label,*.w,*.bz2,*.annot,*.sulc,*.log,*.local-copy,*.orig_avg,*.inflated_avg,*.gii,*.pyc,*.doctree,*.pickle,*.inv,*.png,*.edf,*.touch,*.thickness,*.nofix,*.volume,*.defect_borders,*.mgh,lh.*,rh.*,COR-*,FreeSurferColorLUT.txt,*.examples,.xdebug_mris_calc,bad.segments,BadChannels,*.hist,empty_file,*.orig,*.js,*.map,*.ipynb,searchindex.dat,install_mne_c.rst,plot_*.rst,*.rst.txt,c_EULA.rst*,*.html,gdf_encodes.txt,*.svg'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.8'
+          architecture: 'x64'
+      - run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
+          python -m pip install flake8
+        name: 'Install dependencies'
+      - uses: rbialon/flake8-annotations@v1
+        name: 'Setup flake8 annotations'
+      - run: make flake
+        name: 'Run flake8'
+      - uses: GuillaumeFavelier/actions-codespell@feat/quiet_level
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CODESPELL_DIRS }}
+          skip: ${{ env.CODESPELL_SKIPS }}
+          quiet_level: '3'
+          builtin: 'clear,rare,informal,names'
+          ignore_words_file: 'ignore_words.txt'
+        name: 'Run codespell'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/compat_minimal.yml b/.github/workflows/compat_minimal.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e7eafc5c29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/compat_minimal.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+name: 'compat / minimal'
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  # Minimal (runs with and without testing data)
+  job:
+    if: "github.repository == 'mne-tools/mne-python' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[ci skip]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip ci]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip github]')"
+    name: 'py3.7'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: bash
+    env:
+      CONDA_DEPENDENCIES: 'numpy scipy matplotlib'
+      DEPS: 'minimal'
+      DISPLAY: ':99.0'
+      MNE_DONTWRITE_HOME: true
+      MNE_FORCE_SERIAL: true
+      MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL: 'warning'
+      MNE_SKIP_NETWORK_TEST: 1
+      MNE_SKIP_TESTING_DATASET_TESTS: true
+      OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
+      PYTHONUNBUFFERED: '1'
+      PYTHON_VERSION: '3.7'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - run: |
+          sudo apt-get install -y libxkbcommon-x11-0 libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xfixes0 libopengl0
+          /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset;
+        name: 'Setup xvfb'
+      - uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v2
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+        name: 'Setup conda'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: |
+          ./tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh
+          source tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
+        name: 'Install dependencies'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_install.sh
+        name: 'Install MNE'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_infos.sh
+        name: 'Show infos'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_download.sh
+        name: 'Download testing data'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_locale.sh
+        name: 'Print locale'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_test.sh
+        name: 'Run tests'
+      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v1
+        if: success()
+        name: 'Upload coverage to CodeCov'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/compat_old.yml b/.github/workflows/compat_old.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..04cbf08d00d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/compat_old.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+name: 'compat / old'
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  # Old dependencies
+  job:
+    if: "github.repository == 'mne-tools/mne-python' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[ci skip]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip ci]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip github]')"
+    name: 'py3.6'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: bash
+    env:
+      CONDA_DEPENDENCIES: 'numpy=1.15.4 scipy=1.1 matplotlib=3.0.3 pandas=0.23.4 scikit-learn=0.20.2'
+      DISPLAY: ':99.0'
+      MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL: 'warning'
+      OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
+      PYTHONUNBUFFERED: '1'
+      PYTHON_VERSION: '3.6'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - run: |
+          sudo apt-get install -y libxkbcommon-x11-0 libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xfixes0 libopengl0
+          /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset;
+        name: 'Setup xvfb'
+      - uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v2
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+        name: 'Setup conda'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: |
+          ./tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh
+          source tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
+        name: 'Install dependencies'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_install.sh
+        name: 'Install MNE'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_infos.sh
+        name: 'Show infos'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_download.sh
+        name: 'Download testing data'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_locale.sh
+        name: 'Print locale'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_test.sh
+        name: 'Run tests'
+      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v1
+        if: success()
+        name: 'Upload coverage to CodeCov'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/linux.yml b/.github/workflows/linux_conda.yml
similarity index 97%
rename from .github/workflows/linux.yml
rename to .github/workflows/linux_conda.yml
index f89046655fd..3123aa67d8c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/linux_conda.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: 'Linux'
+name: 'linux / conda'
 on:
   push:
     branches:
@@ -8,20 +8,21 @@ on:
       - '*'
 
 jobs:
-  Conda:
+  # Linux
+  job:
     if: "github.repository == 'mne-tools/mne-python' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[ci skip]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip ci]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip github]')"
+    name: 'py3.8'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     defaults:
       run:
         shell: bash
     env:
+      CONDA_ENV: 'environment.yml'
       DISPLAY: ':99.0'
-      PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
       MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL: 'warning'
       OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
       PYTHONUNBUFFERED: '1'
-      CONDA_ENV: 'environment.yml'
-      TRAVIS_OS_NAME: 'linux'
+      PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/linux_pip.yml b/.github/workflows/linux_pip.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f35345c5a02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/linux_pip.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+name: 'linux / pip'
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+
+jobs:
+  # PIP + non-default stim channel + log level info
+  job:
+    if: "github.repository == 'mne-tools/mne-python' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[ci skip]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip ci]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip github]')"
+    name: 'py3.8'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: bash
+    env:
+      DISPLAY: ':99.0'
+      MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL: 'info'
+      MNE_STIM_CHANNEL: 'STI101'
+      OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
+      PYTHONUNBUFFERED: '1'
+      PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - run: |
+          sudo apt-get install -y libxkbcommon-x11-0 libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xfixes0 libopengl0
+          /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset;
+        name: 'Setup xvfb'
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+        name: 'Setup python'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: |
+          ./tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh
+          source tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
+        name: 'Install dependencies'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_install.sh
+        name: 'Install MNE'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_infos.sh
+        name: 'Show infos'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_download.sh
+        name: 'Download testing data'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_locale.sh
+        name: 'Print locale'
+      - shell: bash -el {0}
+        run: ./tools/github_actions_test.sh
+        name: 'Run tests'
+      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v1
+        if: success()
+        name: 'Upload coverage to CodeCov'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos.yml b/.github/workflows/macos_conda.yml
similarity index 95%
rename from .github/workflows/macos.yml
rename to .github/workflows/macos_conda.yml
index 6e9a1bc4893..1006d1ee3f6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/macos.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/macos_conda.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: 'MacOS'
+name: 'macos / conda'
 on:
   push:
     branches:
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ on:
       - '*'
 
 jobs:
-  Conda:
+  job:
     if: "github.repository == 'mne-tools/mne-python' && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[ci skip]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip ci]') && !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[skip github]')"
+    name: 'py3.8'
     runs-on: macos-latest
     defaults:
       run:
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
       OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
       PYTHONUNBUFFERED: '1'
       CONDA_ENV: 'environment.yml'
-      TRAVIS_OS_NAME: 'osx'
+      CI_OS_NAME: 'osx'
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
         with:
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 7bd217ec438..00000000000
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-language: generic
-dist: bionic
-cache:
-  pip: true
-addons:
-  apt:
-    packages:
-      - libxkbcommon-x11-0
-      - libxcb*
-      - libosmesa6
-      - libglx-mesa0
-      - libopengl0
-      - libglx0
-      - libdbus-1-3
-env:
-    # OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS=1 avoid slowdowns:
-    # https://github.com/xianyi/OpenBLAS/issues/731
-    global: PYTHON_VERSION=3.7 DISPLAY=:99.0 MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL=warning
-            CONDA_VERSION=">=4.3.27" OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS=1 PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
-
-matrix:
-    include:
-        # PIP + non-default stim channel + log level info
-        - os: linux
-          env: MNE_STIM_CHANNEL=STI101 MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL=info
-          language: python
-          python: "3.8"
-
-        # Old dependencies
-        - os: linux
-          env: PYTHON_VERSION=3.6
-               CONDA_DEPENDENCIES="numpy=1.15.4 scipy=1.1 matplotlib=3.0.3 pandas=0.23.4 scikit-learn=0.20.2"
-
-        # Minimal (runs with and without testing data)
-        - os: linux
-          env: DEPS=minimal
-               CONDA_DEPENDENCIES="numpy scipy matplotlib"
-               MNE_DONTWRITE_HOME=true MNE_FORCE_SERIAL=true MNE_SKIP_NETWORK_TEST=1 MNE_SKIP_TESTING_DATASET_TESTS=true
-
-# Setup anaconda
-before_install:
-    - /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset;
-    - |
-      if [ -z "$CONDA_DEPENDENCIES" ]; then
-        pip uninstall -yq numpy
-        pip install -i "https://pypi.anaconda.org/scipy-wheels-nightly/simple" --pre "numpy!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111233731.0ffaaf8,!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111232921.0ffaaf8"
-        pip install -f "https://7933911d6844c6c53a7d-47bd50c35cd79bd838daf386af554a83.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com" scipy pandas scikit-learn matplotlib h5py Pillow
-        pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvista/zipball/master
-        pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvistaqt/zipball/master
-        pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt
-      else
-        git clone https://github.com/astropy/ci-helpers.git
-        source ci-helpers/travis/setup_conda.sh
-      fi
-    # Always install these via pip so we get the latest possible versions (testing bugfixes)
-    - pip install --upgrade -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
-    - if [ "${DEPS}" != "minimal" ]; then
-        pip install nitime;
-      fi
-    # Don't source mne_setup_sh here because changing PATH etc. can't be done in a script
-    - if [ "${DEPS}" != "minimal" ]; then
-        source tools/get_minimal_commands.sh;
-      fi;
-
-install:
-    # Suppress the parallel outputs for logging cleanliness
-    - python setup.py build
-    - python setup.py install
-    - mne sys_info
-    - python -c "import numpy; numpy.show_config()"
-    - SRC_DIR=$(pwd)
-    - cd ~
-    # Trigger download of testing data
-    - if [ "${DEPS}" != "minimal" ]; then
-        python -c 'import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)';
-      fi;
-    - cd ${SRC_DIR}
-
-
-script:
-    - echo "Print locale "
-    - locale
-    - echo "Other stuff"
-    # OSX runs ~2x slower than Linux on Travis, so skip any slow ones there
-    # Until https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/15580 is resolved we also
-    # need the --pre wheels to skip slow ones.
-    - CONDITION='not ultraslowtest';
-    # Determine directories to test (could use SPLIT=0 SPLIT=1 but currently
-    # we are fast enough, so disable it)
-    - if [ -z ${SPLIT} ]; then
-        USE_DIRS="mne/";
-      else
-        if [ "${SPLIT}" == "0" ]; then
-          MNE_DIRS=". beamformer channels commands connectivity datasets decoding forward gui inverse_sparse io";
-        elif [ "${SPLIT}" == "1" ]; then
-          MNE_DIRS="minimum_norm preprocessing realtime simulation stats time_frequency viz";
-        elif [ "${SPLIT}" == "2" ]; then
-          MNE_DIRS=".";
-        else
-          MNE_DIRS="beamformer channels commands connectivity datasets decoding forward gui inverse_sparse io";
-        fi;
-        USE_DIRS="";
-        for DIR in ${MNE_DIRS}; do
-          if [ "${DIR}" == "." ]; then
-            USE_DIRS="mne/tests mne/*.py ${USE_DIRS}";
-          else
-            USE_DIRS="mne/${DIR}/ ${USE_DIRS}";
-          fi;
-        done;
-      fi;
-    # Remove numpydoc tests on older Python (builtin docstrings not as good)
-    - if [ "${PYTHON_VERSION}" == "3.6" ]; then
-        pip uninstall -yq numpydoc;
-      fi;
-    # Test run_tests_if_main
-    - if [ "${DEPS}" == "minimal" ]; then
-        pip uninstall -yq mne;
-        pip install -e .;
-        python mne/tests/test_evoked.py;
-      fi;
-    - echo 'pytest -m "${CONDITION}" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv ${USE_DIRS}'
-    - pytest -m "${CONDITION}" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv ${USE_DIRS}
-    # run the minimal one with the testing data as well
-    - if [ "${DEPS}" == "minimal" ]; then
-        export MNE_SKIP_TESTING_DATASET_TESTS=false;
-        python -c 'import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)';
-      fi;
-    - if [ "${DEPS}" == "minimal" ]; then
-        pytest -m "${CONDITION}" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv ${USE_DIRS};
-      fi;
-
-after_script:
-    # Need to run from source dir to exectue "git" commands
-    - cd ${SRC_DIR};
-    - codecov;
diff --git a/azure-pipelines.yml b/azure-pipelines.yml
index 47cb785cb86..8c06ca8ac03 100644
--- a/azure-pipelines.yml
+++ b/azure-pipelines.yml
@@ -10,240 +10,254 @@ pr:
     include:
       - '*'  # must quote since "*" is a YAML reserved character; we want a string
 
-jobs:
 
-- job: Style
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
-  variables:
-    PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
-    PYTHON_ARCH: 'x64'
-  steps:
-  - task: UsePythonVersion@0
-    inputs:
-      versionSpec: $(PYTHON_VERSION)
-      architecture: $(PYTHON_ARCH)
-      addToPath: true
-    displayName: 'Get Python'
-  - bash: |
-      set -e
-      python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
-      python -m pip install numpy scipy matplotlib -r requirements_testing.txt
-    displayName: Install dependencies
-    condition: always()
-  - bash: |
-      make flake
-    displayName: make flake
-    condition: always()
-  - bash: |
-      make pydocstyle
-    displayName: make pydocstyle
-    condition: always()
-  - bash: |
-      make codespell-error
-    displayName: make codespell-error
-    condition: always()
-  - bash: |
-      make docstring
-    displayName: make docstring
-  - bash: |
-      make nesting
-    displayName: make nesting
-    condition: always()
-  - bash: |
-      make check-manifest
-    displayName: make check-manifest
-    condition: always()
-  - bash: |
-      make check-readme
-    displayName: make check-readme
-    condition: always()
+stages:
 
+- stage: Check
+  jobs:
+    - job: Skip
+      pool:
+        vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
+      variables:
+        RET: 'true'
+      steps:
+      - bash: |
+          git_log=`git log --max-count=1 --skip=1 --pretty=format:"%s"`
+          echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=log]$git_log"
+      - bash: echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=RET]false"
+        condition: or(contains(variables.log, '[skip azp]'), contains(variables.log, '[azp skip]'), contains(variables.log, '[skip ci]'), contains(variables.log, '[ci skip]'))
+      - bash: echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=start_main;isOutput=true]$RET"
+        name: result
 
-- job: Ultraslow
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
-  variables:
-    DISPLAY: ':99'
-    OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
-  steps:
-  - bash: |
-      sudo apt install libxkbcommon-x11-0 xvfb tcsh libxcb*
-    displayName: 'Install Ubuntu dependencies'
-  - bash: |
-      source tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=MNE_ROOT]${MNE_ROOT}"
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH]${PATH}"
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=LD_LIBRARY_PATH]${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}"
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=NEUROMAG2FT_ROOT]${NEUROMAG2FT_ROOT}"
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=FREESURFER_HOME]${FREESURFER_HOME}"
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=MNE_SKIP_FS_FLASH_CALL]${MNE_SKIP_FS_FLASH_CALL}"
-    displayName: 'Install minimal commands'
-  - bash: |
-      echo $PATH
-      mne_surf2bem --version
-      fsl_rigid_register --version
-    displayName: 'Test minimal commands'
-  - task: UsePythonVersion@0
-    inputs:
-      versionSpec: '3.7'
-      architecture: 'x64'
-      addToPath: true
-    displayName: 'Get Python'
-  - bash: |
-      /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset;
-    displayName: 'Spin up Xvfb'
-  - bash: |
-      set -e
-      python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
-      python -m pip install --upgrade numpy scipy vtk -r requirements.txt -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
-    displayName: 'Install dependencies with pip'
-  - script: python -c "import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)"
-    displayName: 'Get test data'
-  - script: pytest -m "ultraslowtest" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv mne
-    displayName: 'Run ultraslow tests'
-  - script: codecov --root $BUILD_REPOSITORY_LOCALPATH -t $CODECOV_TOKEN
-    displayName: 'Codecov'
-    env:
-      CODECOV_TOKEN: $(CODECOV_TOKEN)
-    condition: succeededOrFailed()
-  - task: PublishTestResults@2
-    inputs:
-      testResultsFiles: 'junit-*.xml'
-      testRunTitle: 'Publish test results for $(Agent.JobName)'
-      failTaskOnFailedTests: true
-    condition: succeededOrFailed()
+- stage: Main
+  condition: and(succeeded(), eq(dependencies.Check.outputs['Skip.result.start_main'], 'true'))
+  dependsOn: Check
+  jobs:
+  - job: Style
+    pool:
+      vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
+    variables:
+      PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
+      PYTHON_ARCH: 'x64'
+    steps:
+    - bash: echo $(COMMIT_MSG)
+    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
+      inputs:
+        versionSpec: $(PYTHON_VERSION)
+        architecture: $(PYTHON_ARCH)
+        addToPath: true
+      displayName: 'Get Python'
+    - bash: |
+        set -e
+        python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
+        python -m pip install numpy scipy matplotlib -r requirements_testing.txt
+      displayName: Install dependencies
+      condition: always()
+    - bash: |
+        make pydocstyle
+      displayName: make pydocstyle
+      condition: always()
+    - bash: |
+        make docstring
+      displayName: make docstring
+    - bash: |
+        make nesting
+      displayName: make nesting
+      condition: always()
+    - bash: |
+        make check-manifest
+      displayName: make check-manifest
+      condition: always()
+    - bash: |
+        make check-readme
+      displayName: make check-readme
+      condition: always()
 
 
-- job: Notebook
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
-  steps:
-  - bash: |
-      set -e
-      wget https://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh -O miniconda.sh --progress=dot:mega
-      bash miniconda.sh -b -p ~/miniconda
-      source ~/miniconda/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
-      conda activate base
-      conda env update --file server_environment.yml
-      pip uninstall -yq mne
-      pip install -ve .
-      pip install pytest pytest-cov pytest-timeout pytest-sugar pytest-xdist flake8 codecov
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH]${PATH}"
-      echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=LD_LIBRARY_PATH]${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}"
-    displayName: 'Install dependencies'
-  - script: mne sys_info
-    displayName: 'Print config and test access to commands'
-  - script: python -c "import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)"
-    displayName: 'Get test data'
-  - script: pytest --tb=short --cov=mne -vv mne/viz
-    displayName: 'Run viz tests'
-  - script: codecov --root $BUILD_REPOSITORY_LOCALPATH -t $CODECOV_TOKEN
-    displayName: 'Codecov'
-    env:
-      CODECOV_TOKEN: $(CODECOV_TOKEN)
-    condition: succeededOrFailed()
-  - task: PublishTestResults@2
-    inputs:
-      testResultsFiles: 'junit-*.xml'
-      testRunTitle: 'Publish test results for $(Agent.JobName)'
-      failTaskOnFailedTests: true
-    condition: succeededOrFailed()
+  - job: Ultraslow
+    pool:
+      vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
+    variables:
+      DISPLAY: ':99'
+      OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: '1'
+    steps:
+    - bash: |
+        sudo apt install libxkbcommon-x11-0 xvfb tcsh libxcb*
+      displayName: 'Install Ubuntu dependencies'
+    - bash: |
+        source tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=MNE_ROOT]${MNE_ROOT}"
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH]${PATH}"
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=LD_LIBRARY_PATH]${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}"
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=NEUROMAG2FT_ROOT]${NEUROMAG2FT_ROOT}"
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=FREESURFER_HOME]${FREESURFER_HOME}"
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=MNE_SKIP_FS_FLASH_CALL]${MNE_SKIP_FS_FLASH_CALL}"
+      displayName: 'Install minimal commands'
+    - bash: |
+        echo $PATH
+        mne_surf2bem --version
+        fsl_rigid_register --version
+      displayName: 'Test minimal commands'
+    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
+      inputs:
+        versionSpec: '3.7'
+        architecture: 'x64'
+        addToPath: true
+      displayName: 'Get Python'
+    - bash: |
+        /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset;
+      displayName: 'Spin up Xvfb'
+    - bash: |
+        set -e
+        python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
+        python -m pip install --upgrade numpy scipy vtk -r requirements.txt -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
+      displayName: 'Install dependencies with pip'
+    - script: python -c "import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)"
+      displayName: 'Get test data'
+    - script: pytest -m "ultraslowtest" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv mne
+      displayName: 'Run ultraslow tests'
+    - script: codecov --root $BUILD_REPOSITORY_LOCALPATH -t $CODECOV_TOKEN
+      displayName: 'Codecov'
+      env:
+        CODECOV_TOKEN: $(CODECOV_TOKEN)
+      condition: succeededOrFailed()
+    - task: PublishTestResults@2
+      inputs:
+        testResultsFiles: 'junit-*.xml'
+        testRunTitle: 'Publish test results for $(Agent.JobName)'
+        failTaskOnFailedTests: true
+      condition: succeededOrFailed()
 
 
-- job: Windows
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'VS2017-Win2016'
-  variables:
-    MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL: 'warning'
-    MNE_FORCE_SERIAL: 'true'
-    OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: 1
-    PYTHONUNBUFFERED: 1
-    PYTHONIOENCODING: 'utf-8'
-    MKL_NUM_THREADS: 1
-    AZURE_CI_WINDOWS: 'true'
-    PYTHON_ARCH: 'x64'
-  strategy:
-    maxParallel: 4
-    matrix:
-      3.7 conda:
-        PLATFORM: 'x86-64'
-        TEST_MODE: 'conda'
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
-      3.7 pip:
-        TEST_MODE: 'pip'
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.7'
-      3.8 pip pre:
-        TEST_MODE: 'pre-pip'
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
-        OPENBLAS_CORETYPE: 'prescott'  # workaround for https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/16913
-  steps:
-  - task: UsePythonVersion@0
-    inputs:
-      versionSpec: $(PYTHON_VERSION)
-      architecture: $(PYTHON_ARCH)
-      addToPath: true
-    condition: in(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'pip', 'pre-pip')
-    displayName: 'Get Python'
-  # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/ecosystems/anaconda
-  # https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/pipelines-anaconda
-  # Qt 5.9 post-link failure:
-  # https://github.com/ContinuumIO/anaconda-issues/issues/10949
-  - script: echo "##vso[task.prependpath]%CONDA%;%CONDA%\condabin;%CONDA%\Scripts;%CONDA%\Library\bin;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%;%SystemRoot%\System32\Wbem;"
-    condition: in(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'conda')
-    displayName: Add conda to PATH, deal with Qt 5.9 bug
-  - bash: |
-      set -e
-      git clone --depth 1 git://github.com/pyvista/gl-ci-helpers.git
-      powershell gl-ci-helpers/appveyor/install_opengl.ps1
-    displayName: Install OpenGL
-  - bash: |
-      set -e
-      python -m pip install --upgrade pip "setuptools<50.0"
-      python -m pip install --upgrade numpy scipy vtk
-      python -m pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt -r requirements_testing.txt
-      python -m pip install codecov
-    condition: eq(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'pip')
-    displayName: 'Install dependencies with pip'
-  - bash: |
-      set -e
-      python -m pip install --upgrade pip "setuptools<50.0"
-      python -m pip install --upgrade --pre --only-binary ":all:" -i "https://pypi.anaconda.org/scipy-wheels-nightly/simple" "numpy!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111233731.0ffaaf8,!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111232921.0ffaaf8"
-      python -m pip install --upgrade --pre --only-binary ":all:" -f "https://7933911d6844c6c53a7d-47bd50c35cd79bd838daf386af554a83.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com" scipy pandas scikit-learn matplotlib h5py Pillow
-      python -m pip install --upgrade --only-binary vtk vtk;
-      python -m pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvista/zipball/master
-      python -m pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvistaqt/zipball/master
-      python -m pip install -r requirements.txt -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
-    condition: eq(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'pre-pip')
-    displayName: 'Install dependencies with pip --pre'
-  - powershell: |
-      Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
-      $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
-      $PSDefaultParameterValues['*:ErrorAction']='Stop'
-      conda update -n base -c defaults conda
-      conda env update --name base --file environment.yml
-      pip uninstall -yq mne
-      pip install -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
-    condition: eq(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'conda')
-    displayName: 'Install dependencies with conda'
-  - script: python setup.py develop
-    displayName: 'Install MNE-Python dev'
-  - script: mne sys_info
-    displayName: 'Print config and test access to commands'
-  - script: python -c "import numpy; numpy.show_config()"
-    displayName: Print NumPy config
-  - script: python -c "import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)"
-    displayName: 'Get test data'
-  - script: pytest -m "not slowtest" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv mne
-    displayName: 'Run tests'
-  - script: codecov --root %BUILD_REPOSITORY_LOCALPATH% -t %CODECOV_TOKEN%
-    displayName: 'Codecov'
-    env:
-      CODECOV_TOKEN: $(CODECOV_TOKEN)
-    condition: succeededOrFailed()
-  - task: PublishTestResults@2
-    inputs:
-      testResultsFiles: 'junit-*.xml'
-      testRunTitle: 'Publish test results for $(Agent.JobName) $(TEST_MODE) $(PYTHON_VERSION)'
-      failTaskOnFailedTests: true
-    condition: succeededOrFailed()
+  - job: Notebook
+    pool:
+      vmImage: 'ubuntu-18.04'
+    steps:
+    - bash: |
+        set -e
+        wget https://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh -O miniconda.sh --progress=dot:mega
+        bash miniconda.sh -b -p ~/miniconda
+        source ~/miniconda/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
+        conda activate base
+        conda env update --file server_environment.yml
+        pip uninstall -yq mne
+        pip install -ve .
+        pip install pytest pytest-cov pytest-timeout pytest-sugar pytest-xdist flake8 codecov
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH]${PATH}"
+        echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=LD_LIBRARY_PATH]${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}"
+      displayName: 'Install dependencies'
+    - script: mne sys_info
+      displayName: 'Print config and test access to commands'
+    - script: python -c "import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)"
+      displayName: 'Get test data'
+    - script: pytest --tb=short --cov=mne -vv mne/viz
+      displayName: 'Run viz tests'
+    - script: codecov --root $BUILD_REPOSITORY_LOCALPATH -t $CODECOV_TOKEN
+      displayName: 'Codecov'
+      env:
+        CODECOV_TOKEN: $(CODECOV_TOKEN)
+      condition: succeededOrFailed()
+    - task: PublishTestResults@2
+      inputs:
+        testResultsFiles: 'junit-*.xml'
+        testRunTitle: 'Publish test results for $(Agent.JobName)'
+        failTaskOnFailedTests: true
+      condition: succeededOrFailed()
+
+
+  - job: Windows
+    pool:
+      vmImage: 'VS2017-Win2016'
+    variables:
+      MNE_LOGGING_LEVEL: 'warning'
+      MNE_FORCE_SERIAL: 'true'
+      OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: 1
+      PYTHONUNBUFFERED: 1
+      PYTHONIOENCODING: 'utf-8'
+      MKL_NUM_THREADS: 1
+      AZURE_CI_WINDOWS: 'true'
+      PYTHON_ARCH: 'x64'
+    strategy:
+      maxParallel: 4
+      matrix:
+        3.7 conda:
+          PLATFORM: 'x86-64'
+          TEST_MODE: 'conda'
+          PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
+        3.7 pip:
+          TEST_MODE: 'pip'
+          PYTHON_VERSION: '3.7'
+        3.8 pip pre:
+          TEST_MODE: 'pre-pip'
+          PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
+          OPENBLAS_CORETYPE: 'prescott'  # workaround for https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/16913
+    steps:
+    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
+      inputs:
+        versionSpec: $(PYTHON_VERSION)
+        architecture: $(PYTHON_ARCH)
+        addToPath: true
+      condition: in(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'pip', 'pre-pip')
+      displayName: 'Get Python'
+    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/ecosystems/anaconda
+    # https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/pipelines-anaconda
+    # Qt 5.9 post-link failure:
+    # https://github.com/ContinuumIO/anaconda-issues/issues/10949
+    - script: echo "##vso[task.prependpath]%CONDA%;%CONDA%\condabin;%CONDA%\Scripts;%CONDA%\Library\bin;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%;%SystemRoot%\System32\Wbem;"
+      condition: in(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'conda')
+      displayName: Add conda to PATH, deal with Qt 5.9 bug
+    - bash: |
+        set -e
+        git clone --depth 1 git://github.com/pyvista/gl-ci-helpers.git
+        powershell gl-ci-helpers/appveyor/install_opengl.ps1
+      displayName: Install OpenGL
+    - bash: |
+        set -e
+        python -m pip install --upgrade pip "setuptools<50.0"
+        python -m pip install --upgrade numpy scipy vtk
+        python -m pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt -r requirements_testing.txt
+        python -m pip install codecov
+      condition: eq(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'pip')
+      displayName: 'Install dependencies with pip'
+    - bash: |
+        set -e
+        python -m pip install --upgrade pip "setuptools<50.0"
+        python -m pip install --upgrade --pre --only-binary ":all:" -i "https://pypi.anaconda.org/scipy-wheels-nightly/simple" "numpy!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111233731.0ffaaf8,!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111232921.0ffaaf8"
+        python -m pip install --upgrade --pre --only-binary ":all:" -f "https://7933911d6844c6c53a7d-47bd50c35cd79bd838daf386af554a83.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com" scipy pandas scikit-learn matplotlib h5py Pillow
+        python -m pip install --upgrade --only-binary vtk vtk;
+        python -m pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvista/zipball/master
+        python -m pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvistaqt/zipball/master
+        python -m pip install -r requirements.txt -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
+      condition: eq(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'pre-pip')
+      displayName: 'Install dependencies with pip --pre'
+    - powershell: |
+        Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
+        $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+        $PSDefaultParameterValues['*:ErrorAction']='Stop'
+        conda update -n base -c defaults conda
+        conda env update --name base --file environment.yml
+        pip uninstall -yq mne
+        pip install -r requirements_testing.txt codecov
+      condition: eq(variables['TEST_MODE'], 'conda')
+      displayName: 'Install dependencies with conda'
+    - script: python setup.py develop
+      displayName: 'Install MNE-Python dev'
+    - script: mne sys_info
+      displayName: 'Print config and test access to commands'
+    - script: python -c "import numpy; numpy.show_config()"
+      displayName: Print NumPy config
+    - script: python -c "import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)"
+      displayName: 'Get test data'
+    - script: pytest -m "not slowtest" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv mne
+      displayName: 'Run tests'
+    - script: codecov --root %BUILD_REPOSITORY_LOCALPATH% -t %CODECOV_TOKEN%
+      displayName: 'Codecov'
+      env:
+        CODECOV_TOKEN: $(CODECOV_TOKEN)
+      condition: succeededOrFailed()
+    - task: PublishTestResults@2
+      inputs:
+        testResultsFiles: 'junit-*.xml'
+        testRunTitle: 'Publish test results for $(Agent.JobName) $(TEST_MODE) $(PYTHON_VERSION)'
+        failTaskOnFailedTests: true
+      condition: succeededOrFailed()
diff --git a/tools/get_minimal_commands.sh b/tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
index 37d5777cc90..399aeea130c 100755
--- a/tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
+++ b/tools/get_minimal_commands.sh
@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/bash -ef
 
-pushd ~ > /dev/null
-export MNE_ROOT="${PWD}/minimal_cmds"
-export PATH=${MNE_ROOT}/bin:$PATH
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
-	if [ ! -d "${PWD}/minimal_cmds" ]; then
-		curl -L https://osf.io/g7dzs/download | tar xz
-	fi;
-	export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${MNE_ROOT}/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
-	export NEUROMAG2FT_ROOT="${PWD}/minimal_cmds/bin"
-	export FREESURFER_HOME="${MNE_ROOT}"
-else
-	if [ ! -d "${PWD}/minimal_cmds" ]; then
-		curl -L https://osf.io/rjcz4/download | tar xz
-	fi;
-	export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${MNE_ROOT}/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
+if [ "${DEPS}" != "minimal" ]; then
+	pushd ~ > /dev/null
+	export MNE_ROOT="${PWD}/minimal_cmds"
+	export PATH=${MNE_ROOT}/bin:$PATH
+	if [ "${CI_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
+		if [ ! -d "${PWD}/minimal_cmds" ]; then
+			curl -L https://osf.io/g7dzs/download | tar xz
+		fi;
+		export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${MNE_ROOT}/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+		export NEUROMAG2FT_ROOT="${PWD}/minimal_cmds/bin"
+		export FREESURFER_HOME="${MNE_ROOT}"
+	else
+		if [ ! -d "${PWD}/minimal_cmds" ]; then
+			curl -L https://osf.io/rjcz4/download | tar xz
+		fi;
+		export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${MNE_ROOT}/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
+	fi
+	popd > /dev/null
+	mne_surf2bem --version
 fi
-popd > /dev/null
-mne_surf2bem --version
diff --git a/tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh b/tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh
index d62670d1b63..407c4a29730 100755
--- a/tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh
+++ b/tools/github_actions_dependencies.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 #!/bin/bash -ef
 
-pip uninstall -yq mne
+if [ ! -z "$CONDA_ENV" ]; then
+	pip uninstall -yq mne
+elif [ ! -z "$CONDA_DEPENDENCIES" ]; then
+	conda install -y $CONDA_DEPENDENCIES
+else # pip
+	python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
+	pip uninstall -yq numpy
+	pip install -i "https://pypi.anaconda.org/scipy-wheels-nightly/simple" --pre "numpy!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111233731.0ffaaf8,!=1.20.0.dev0+20201111232921.0ffaaf8"
+	pip install -f "https://7933911d6844c6c53a7d-47bd50c35cd79bd838daf386af554a83.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com" scipy pandas scikit-learn matplotlib h5py Pillow
+	pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvista/zipball/master
+	pip install https://github.com/pyvista/pyvistaqt/zipball/master
+fi
 pip install --upgrade -r requirements_testing.txt
-pip install nitime
+if [ "${DEPS}" != "minimal" ]; then
+	pip install nitime
+fi
diff --git a/tools/github_actions_download.sh b/tools/github_actions_download.sh
index fdd8bce0a70..68f56256998 100755
--- a/tools/github_actions_download.sh
+++ b/tools/github_actions_download.sh
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash -ef
 
-python -c 'import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)';
+if [ "${DEPS}" != "minimal" ]; then
+	python -c 'import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)';
+fi
diff --git a/tools/github_actions_test.sh b/tools/github_actions_test.sh
index 93ab26e706d..9add6bcbe6f 100755
--- a/tools/github_actions_test.sh
+++ b/tools/github_actions_test.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,31 @@
 #!/bin/bash -ef
 
+# Remove numpydoc tests on older Python (builtin docstrings not as good)
+if [ "${PYTHON_VERSION}" == "3.6" ]; then
+	pip uninstall -yq numpydoc;
+fi;
+
+# Test run_tests_if_main
+if [ "${DEPS}" == "minimal" ]; then
+	pip uninstall -yq mne;
+	pip install -e .;
+	python mne/tests/test_evoked.py;
+fi;
+
 USE_DIRS="mne/"
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
+if [ "${CI_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
   CONDITION="not ultraslowtest"
 else
   CONDITION="not slowtest"
 fi
 echo 'pytest -m "${CONDITION}" --tb=short --cov=mne --cov-report xml -vv ${USE_DIRS}'
 pytest -m "${CONDITION}" --tb=short --cov=mne --cov-report xml -vv ${USE_DIRS}
+
+# run the minimal one with the testing data as well
+if [ "${DEPS}" == "minimal" ]; then
+	export MNE_SKIP_TESTING_DATASET_TESTS=false;
+	python -c 'import mne; mne.datasets.testing.data_path(verbose=True)';
+fi;
+if [ "${DEPS}" == "minimal" ]; then
+	pytest -m "${CONDITION}" --tb=short --cov=mne -vv ${USE_DIRS};
+fi;