diff --git a/src/__tests__/graphql-test.ts b/src/__tests__/graphql-test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb0aff8a13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/__tests__/graphql-test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import { expect } from 'chai';
+import { describe, it } from 'mocha';
+
+import { GraphQLError } from '../error/GraphQLError.js';
+
+import { Source } from '../language/source.js';
+
+import { GraphQLObjectType } from '../type/definition.js';
+import { GraphQLString } from '../type/scalars.js';
+import { GraphQLSchema } from '../type/schema.js';
+
+import type { ValidationRule } from '../validation/ValidationContext.js';
+
+import { graphql, graphqlSync } from '../graphql.js';
+
+const schema = new GraphQLSchema({
+  query: new GraphQLObjectType({
+    name: 'Query',
+    fields: {
+      a: {
+        type: GraphQLString,
+        resolve: () => 'A',
+      },
+      b: {
+        type: GraphQLString,
+        resolve: () => 'B',
+      },
+      contextEcho: {
+        type: GraphQLString,
+        resolve: (_source, _args, contextValue) => String(contextValue),
+      },
+      syncField: {
+        type: GraphQLString,
+        resolve: (rootValue) => rootValue,
+      },
+      asyncField: {
+        type: GraphQLString,
+        resolve: (rootValue) => Promise.resolve(rootValue),
+      },
+    },
+  }),
+});
+
+describe('graphql', () => {
+  it('passes source through to parse', async () => {
+    const source = new Source('{', 'custom-query.graphql');
+
+    const result = await graphql({ schema, source });
+
+    expect(result.errors?.[0]?.source?.name).to.equal('custom-query.graphql');
+  });
+
+  it('passes rules through to validate', async () => {
+    const customRule: ValidationRule = (context) => ({
+      Field(node) {
+        context.reportError(
+          new GraphQLError('custom rule error', {
+            nodes: node,
+          }),
+        );
+      },
+    });
+
+    const result = await graphql({
+      schema,
+      source: '{ a }',
+      rules: [customRule],
+    });
+
+    expect(result.errors?.[0]?.message).to.equal('custom rule error');
+  });
+
+  it('passes parse options through to parse', async () => {
+    const customRule: ValidationRule = (context) => ({
+      OperationDefinition(node) {
+        context.reportError(
+          new GraphQLError(
+            node.loc === undefined ? 'no location' : 'has location',
+            {
+              nodes: node,
+            },
+          ),
+        );
+      },
+    });
+
+    const result = await graphql({
+      schema,
+      source: '{ a }',
+      noLocation: true,
+      rules: [customRule],
+    });
+
+    expect(result.errors?.[0]?.message).to.equal('no location');
+  });
+
+  it('passes validation options through to validate', async () => {
+    const result = await graphql({
+      schema,
+      source: '{ contextEho }',
+      hideSuggestions: true,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.errors?.[0]?.message).to.equal(
+      'Cannot query field "contextEho" on type "Query".',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('passes execution args through to execute', async () => {
+    const result = await graphql({
+      schema,
+      source: `
+        query First {
+          a
+        }
+
+        query Second {
+          b
+        }
+      `,
+      operationName: 'Second',
+    });
+
+    expect(result).to.deep.equal({
+      data: {
+        b: 'B',
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('returns schema validation errors', async () => {
+    const badSchema = new GraphQLSchema({});
+    const result = await graphql({
+      schema: badSchema,
+      source: '{ __typename }',
+    });
+
+    expect(result.errors?.[0]?.message).to.equal(
+      'Query root type must be provided.',
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+describe('graphqlSync', () => {
+  it('returns result for synchronous execution', () => {
+    const result = graphqlSync({
+      schema,
+      source: '{ syncField }',
+      rootValue: 'rootValue',
+    });
+
+    expect(result).to.deep.equal({ data: { syncField: 'rootValue' } });
+  });
+
+  it('throws for asynchronous execution', () => {
+    expect(() => {
+      graphqlSync({
+        schema,
+        source: '{ asyncField }',
+        rootValue: 'rootValue',
+      });
+    }).to.throw('GraphQL execution failed to complete synchronously.');
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/graphql.ts b/src/graphql.ts
index f71219b9e6..4e1d2af083 100644
--- a/src/graphql.ts
+++ b/src/graphql.ts
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 import { isPromise } from './jsutils/isPromise.js';
-import type { Maybe } from './jsutils/Maybe.js';
 import type { PromiseOrValue } from './jsutils/PromiseOrValue.js';
 
+import type { ParseOptions } from './language/parser.js';
 import { parse } from './language/parser.js';
 import type { Source } from './language/source.js';
 
-import type {
-  GraphQLFieldResolver,
-  GraphQLTypeResolver,
-} from './type/definition.js';
-import type { GraphQLSchema } from './type/schema.js';
 import { validateSchema } from './type/validate.js';
 
+import type { ValidationOptions } from './validation/validate.js';
 import { validate } from './validation/validate.js';
+import type { ValidationRule } from './validation/ValidationContext.js';
 
+import type { ExecutionArgs } from './execution/execute.js';
 import { execute } from './execution/execute.js';
 import type { ExecutionResult } from './execution/Executor.js';
 
@@ -58,17 +56,12 @@ import type { ExecutionResult } from './execution/Executor.js';
  *    If not provided, the default type resolver is used (which looks for a
  *    `__typename` field or alternatively calls the `isTypeOf` method).
  */
-export interface GraphQLArgs {
-  schema: GraphQLSchema;
+export interface GraphQLArgs
+  extends ParseOptions,
+    ValidationOptions,
+    Omit<ExecutionArgs, 'document'> {
   source: string | Source;
-  hideSuggestions?: Maybe<boolean>;
-  rootValue?: unknown;
-  contextValue?: unknown;
-  variableValues?: Maybe<{ readonly [variable: string]: unknown }>;
-  operationName?: Maybe<string>;
-  fieldResolver?: Maybe<GraphQLFieldResolver<any, any>>;
-  typeResolver?: Maybe<GraphQLTypeResolver<any, any>>;
-  abortSignal?: Maybe<AbortSignal>;
+  rules?: ReadonlyArray<ValidationRule> | undefined;
 }
 
 export function graphql(args: GraphQLArgs): Promise<ExecutionResult> {
@@ -94,18 +87,7 @@ export function graphqlSync(args: GraphQLArgs): ExecutionResult {
 }
 
 function graphqlImpl(args: GraphQLArgs): PromiseOrValue<ExecutionResult> {
-  const {
-    schema,
-    source,
-    rootValue,
-    contextValue,
-    variableValues,
-    operationName,
-    fieldResolver,
-    typeResolver,
-    hideSuggestions,
-    abortSignal,
-  } = args;
+  const { schema, source } = args;
 
   // Validate Schema
   const schemaValidationErrors = validateSchema(schema);
@@ -116,30 +98,17 @@ function graphqlImpl(args: GraphQLArgs): PromiseOrValue<ExecutionResult> {
   // Parse
   let document;
   try {
-    document = parse(source);
+    document = parse(source, args);
   } catch (syntaxError) {
     return { errors: [syntaxError] };
   }
 
   // Validate
-  const validationErrors = validate(schema, document, undefined, {
-    hideSuggestions,
-  });
+  const validationErrors = validate(schema, document, args.rules, args);
   if (validationErrors.length > 0) {
     return { errors: validationErrors };
   }
 
   // Execute
-  return execute({
-    schema,
-    document,
-    rootValue,
-    contextValue,
-    variableValues,
-    operationName,
-    fieldResolver,
-    typeResolver,
-    hideSuggestions,
-    abortSignal,
-  });
+  return execute({ ...args, document });
 }
diff --git a/src/validation/validate.ts b/src/validation/validate.ts
index 05eeb39dbb..7aea79f592 100644
--- a/src/validation/validate.ts
+++ b/src/validation/validate.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@ import {
   ValidationContext,
 } from './ValidationContext.js';
 
+export interface ValidationOptions {
+  maxErrors?: number;
+  hideSuggestions?: Maybe<boolean>;
+}
+
 /**
  * Implements the "Validation" section of the spec.
  *
@@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ export function validate(
   schema: GraphQLSchema,
   documentAST: DocumentNode,
   rules: ReadonlyArray<ValidationRule> = specifiedRules,
-  options?: { maxErrors?: number; hideSuggestions?: Maybe<boolean> },
+  options?: ValidationOptions,
 ): ReadonlyArray<GraphQLError> {
   const maxErrors = options?.maxErrors ?? 100;
   const hideSuggestions = options?.hideSuggestions ?? false;