CI: Add support for Ubuntu 24.04 Docker and DEB builds #3611

Job	Run time
check-skip	4s
prepare-test-matrix	5s
Build Apache Cloudberry RPM	13m 41s
RPM Install Test Apache Cloudberry	2m 25s
pax-ic-isolation2-opt-off	23m 27s
ic-good-opt-off	30m 18s
ic-good-opt-on	27m 52s
ic-contrib	5m 36s
ic-singlenode	7m 56s
ic-diskquota	9m 34s
ic-isolation2-crash	3m 53s
ic-isolation2	36m 14s
ic-fixme	3m 4s
ic-resgroup-v2	21m 1s
ic-gpcontrib	4m 2s
pax-ic-good-opt-on	26m 54s
pax-ic-good-opt-off	23m 24s
ic-isolation2-hot-standby	4m 54s
ic-expandshrink	4m 11s
ic-cbdb-parallel	28m 11s
pax-ic-isolation2-opt-on	23m 32s
ic-parallel-retrieve-cursor	4m 2s
Generate Apache Cloudberry Build Report	2s
	5h 4m 22s

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